Michel Bacos

Michel Bacos was an Air France pilot, flying Flight 139 from Athens to Paris on June 27, 1976, when the airplane was hijacked by Arab and German terrorists. At gunpoint, Michel was forced to divert the plane, ultimately landing at Entebbe in Uganda with only 20 more minutes of fuel left.

The terrorists freed the 148 non-Jewish passengers, and also released the airline crew. However, Michel refused to leave the 94 Jewish passengers still kept captive, and the other crew members followed their pilot’s lead and stayed with the hostages. Michel said, “I was a captain of Air France and before that I was in the Free French Forces under Charles DeGaulle during the Second World War – it would be impossible for me to leave my passengers, unimaginable. I told my crew that we must stay until the end because that was our tradition, so we cannot accept being freed. All my crew agreed without exception.”

Several days later, most of the Jewish hostages were rescued during a bold raid by Israeli commandos led by Yonatan "Yoni" Netanyahu. During the raid, known as Operation Yonatan (Operation Entebbe), Michel suffered a concussion.

Michel was immediately hailed as a hero for staying with his Jewish passengers, even at severe risk to his own life. He was awarded the National Order of the Legion of Honour, the highest decoration in France, by the French president. The Israeli government awarded Michel and his crew medals for heroism. He was honored with other awards and commendations by grateful Jewish groups.

Michel retired from Air France in 1982, and spent the remaining decades of his life in Nice, with his wife and many children and grandchildren. When he died, on 26 March 2019 at the age of 94, to his request he was laid to rest while the Israeli anthem "HaTikvah" was played.

He was saluted in France, Israel and around the world. In the midst of a murderous nightmare, the captain was a shaft of light.

The mayor of Nice said during Bacos' funeral: “Michel, bravely refusing to give in to anti-Semitism and barbarism, did honor to France. The love of France and the defense of liberties have marked his destiny.”